Best 30+ Open Source Web Agents in 2025

In our benchmarks, we tested proprietary web agents and remote browsers. In this article, we listed open-source web agents that enable AI agents to navigate, interact with, and extract data from the web, including tasks like browsing, authentication, and web  crawling:

Open-source web agents: Accuracy benchmark

See benchmark sources.

Evaluation: Web Voyager Benchmark

The WebVoyager benchmark tests web agents across 15 real-world websites. It includes tasks like searching, clicking, navigating, and submitting forms.

Methodology:

• Agents are tested on 643 task instances across various sites, including Google, GitHub, and Wikipedia.
• Accuracy is measured by successful task completion, assessed via comparison of GPT-4o and GPT-4o-mini outputs to standard outputs.

Some vendors modified the WebVoyager benchmark setup for their evaluations:

• Browser-Use team: Adjusted prompts and migrated the pipeline to LangChain from raw OpenAI calls. Removed 55 tasks they deemed unsolvable or outdated (e.g., missing data on Apple’s site or outdated flight listings).
  
• Skyvern (Steel.dev): Retested the benchmark using Skyvern 2.0, which incorporates GPT-4V.
  
• Agent-E (Emergence AI): Fine-tuned the DOM-based interaction and prompt template structure. Benchmarked against WebVoyager, not GPT-4o.

Categories for each tool evaluated in the benchmark:

• Browser-Use –  LLM-browser bridges / Web control frameworks for developers
  
• Skyvern 2.0 –  Vision-based web navigation agents (multimodal)
  
• Agent-E –  Web navigation agents (DOM-based)
  
• WebVoyager –  Vision-based web navigation agents (multimodal) 

Autonomous web agents and copilots 

These tools can autonomously navigate websites and perform multi-step tasks with minimal user guidance:

General-purpose autonomous agents (Web-capable)

LLM-based general agents that can operate websites on behalf of the user with little to no oversight.

• AgenticSeek – GitHub (91k stars) – A local-first alternative to Manus AI. AgenticSeek can autonomously browse the internet, search, read, extract information, and fill out web forms.
  • Interaction: Text.
  • Deployment: Python (self-hosted).

• Auto-GPT – GitHub (76k stars) – General-purpose autonomous AI agent with web capabilities. Build, deploy, and run AI agents in your browser.
  • Interaction: Text. 
  • Deployment: Python CLI app.

• Auto-GPT – GitHub (76k stars) – General-purpose autonomous AI agent with web capabilities. Build, deploy, and run AI agents in your browser.
  • Interaction: Text. 
  • Deployment: Python CLI app. 

• AgentGPT – GitHub (34k stars) – A web-based platform to configure and deploy autonomous agents directly in your browser. You can create a custom AI agent (e.g., “ResearchGPT”) that plans steps and executes a given goal online.
  • Interaction: Text (chat interface). 
  • Deployment: Browser app (self-hostable). 

• SuperAGI Github (~15.9k stars) A modular, open-source platform for building autonomous agents, including browser workflows.
  • Interaction: Text.
  • Deployment: Python framework (self-hosted or cloud)

• Nanobrowser – GitHub (7.1k stars) – An open source alternative to OpenAI’s Operator, local-first AI web agent that runs as a Chrome extension. It enables you to execute multi-agent workflows in your browser using natural language prompts. Can be used for on-page automation such as extracting data to a spreadsheet, clicking pages, and completing forms.
  • Interaction: Text. 
  • Deployment: Browser extension (Chrome).

• OpenManus – GitHub (600+ stars) – An open-source alternative to Manus. A general AI agent that can execute long-running tasks across browsers.
  • Interaction:  Text. 
  • Deployment: Local deployment via Python and Docker.

Computer-use Agents

Computer-use agents are LLM-driven systems that simulate or control real desktop environments, including browsers. While not all are built exclusively for the web, many can perform web automation as part of broader desktop workflows.

• OpenInterpreter – GitHub (59k+ stars) – CLI-based agent that interprets natural language to execute code, browse, and automate tasks across terminal and browser environments.
  • Interaction: Text (CLI + browser control).
  • Deployment: Python CLI (local or Docker).

• UI-TARS – GitHub (6.5k stars) – Multimodal GUI agent that combines perception, reasoning, and action to operate desktop interfaces via screenshots and symbolic control.
  • Interaction: Vision + structured input.
  • Deployment: Python (research framework).

• AutoBrowser MCP– GitHub (2.5k stars) – Claude-powered Chrome automation via the “Computer Use” API.
  • Interaction: Vision + Text.
  • Deployment: Chrome extension + local server.

• Open Operator by Browser-Use team – GitHub (1.7k stars)  – A local-first agent built on Browser-Use that gives LLMs low-level control over Chrome through a simplified DOM interface. Runs autonomously or with user feedback loops.
  • Interaction: Text + DOM (LLM-controlled)
  • Deployment: Python, Browser extension (self-hosted)

Read more: Open Operator: Free alternative to OpenAI’s Operator.

Web navigation agents

Goal-oriented agents, designed to plan and execute multi-step sequences across a website in text or DOM structure (e.g., log in → fill form → submit → confirm) using reasoning over page structure and flow.

• Agent-E – GitHub (1.1k stars) – DOM-aware browser automation agent.
  • Interaction: Text (DOM-based parsing).
  • Deployment: Python app (with optional UI). 

• AutoWebGLM – Github (800+ stars) – An LLM-based web agent that leverages HTML simplification and reinforcement learning for better navigation.
  • Interaction:  Text (HTML structure + LLM).
  • Deployment: Python (self-hosted).

Vision-based web navigation agents (Multimodal)

Goal-oriented agents that interpret visual representations of the web page (screenshots or rendered UI) in addition to text or DOM. Typically powered by VLMs (like GPT-4V, BLIP, etc.).

• Autogen extension WebSurfer – GitHub (46k stars, part of Microsoft’s AutoGen framework) – A multimodal agent that can search the web. With WebSurfer, you can create a group chat team that includes a WebSurfer agent and a user proxy agent for web browsing tasks. You need to install Playwright to build it.
  • Interaction: Vision + Text. 
  • Deployment: Python library (AutoGen plugin).

• Skyvern – GitHub (13.6k stars) – An open-source AI agent that automates browser workflows using LLMs and computer vision.
  • Interaction: Vision + Text.
  • Deployment: Self-hosted server (or managed cloud). 

• WebVoyager – GitHub (800+ stars) – A vision-enabled web agent from academic research that combines page text with screenshots to improve web navigation.
  • Interaction: Multimodal (text + vision). 
  • Deployment: Research prototype (Python).

• LiteWebAgent  – Github (90+ stars)  – A VLM-based agent that combines memory, planning, and browser control using the Chrome DevTools Protocol.
  • Interaction: Vision + text.
  • Deployment: Python-based framework (self-hosted).

Agent enablement tools

Frameworks that let LLMs or users control browsers using natural language or structured UI, without full autonomy.

Natural Language to Web Action Tools

Agents that enable users (or LLMs) to control web interfaces using natural language instructions (e.g., “click the green submit button”).

• LaVague – GitHub (6k+ stars) – Maps natural language prompts (e.g., “click the green button”) to browser actions.
  • Interaction: Text (natural language → browser command).
  • Deployment: Python (self-hosted).

• ZeroStep – GitHub (300+ stars) – Converts text prompts into Playwright test steps for UI automation.
  • Interaction: Text (prompt → Playwright script).
  • Deployment: Node.js CLI.

LLM-browser bridges

Interfaces that enable language models to control browsers using developer protocols such as Playwright.

These tools provide execution capabilities, allowing LLMs to interact with web environments, but do not perform task planning or goal management.

• Browser-Use – GitHub (63k stars) – Converts DOM into LLM-friendly format with control interfaces.
  • Interaction: Text (DOM-level).
  • Deployment: Python library / API (self-hosted or cloud).

• Browserless – GitHub (10.3k stars) – Cloud-hosted/headless Chrome via REST/WebSocket APIs for remote browser control.
  • Interaction: Text (HTTP/WebSocket).
  • Deployment: Hosted API or Docker.

• ZeroStep (Playwright AI) – GitHub (311 stars) – AI-powered UI testing framework using Playwright + prompt-based instruction.
  • Interaction: Text.
  • Deployment: Node.js + Playwright.

Web automation & scraping toolkits

These tools do not perform multi-step tasks, rather focus on automating specific web tasks (like form filling or data extraction) with some agentic capabilities. These require you to initiate each job or target site, rather than completing goals autonomously.

LLM-powered web RPA and browser extensions

Browser tools (often extensions or apps) that let users or LLMs automate tasks like clicking, typing, or scraping—typically via prompts, recordings, or simple workflows.

• PulsarRPA – GitHub (800+ stars) – An AI browser automation tool for data extraction tasks.
  • Interaction: Text.
  • Deployment: Chrome extension + backend.

• VimGPT – GitHub (2.7k stars) – A project that uses GPT-4 Vision to control a browser via the Vimium extension. It interprets the rendered web page as an image, allowing the language model to generate appropriate keyboard commands for navigation and interaction.
  • Interaction: Vision + Text. 
  • Deployment: Browser plugin (Vimium) plus Python
    

AI web scrapers and crawlers

Tools that crawl websites and extract structured data using LLMs or rule-based logic.

• Crawl4AI – GitHub (46k stars) – An open-source web crawler that integrates LLMs for smarter navigation and extraction.
  • Interaction: Text. 
  • Deployment: Python. 

• FireCrawl – GitHub (40k stars) – An open API and tool for turning websites into Markdown or JSON.  Crawls web pages and converts the content (text, links, etc.) into structured data that LLMs can parse.
  • Interaction: Text. 
  • Deployment: Node.js library/CLI.

• GPT-crawler – GitHub (21k stars) – Crawl a site to generate knowledge files to create your own custom GPT from a URL.
  • Interaction: Text.
  • Deployment: Python CLI tool.

• ScrapeGraphAI – GitHub (20k stars) – A Python-based AI scraper that builds a “knowledge graph” from website content. Best for crawling documentation or articles and outputting a structured summary or graph of facts.
  • Interaction: Text. 
  • Deployment: Python.

• AutoScraper – GitHub (6.8k stars) – Lightweight web Scraper for Python.
  • Interaction: Text (prompt + examples).
  • Deployment: Python library (self-hosted).

• LLM Scraper – GitHub (5k stars) – A web scraping tool that uses an LLM to parse content. Instead of static HTML parsing, it asks an LLM what data to pull from a page (based on user intent) and how to format it.
  • Interaction: Text. 
  • Deployment: Python. 

AI web search tools

Tools that automate search engine interactions and extract insights from results using LLMs.

• BingGPT – GitHub (9.2k stars) – An AI-powered search chat app that leverages Bing Search + GPT to provide direct Q&A from the web.
  • Interaction: Text (chat-based).
  • Deployment: Application deployment (desktop).

• BraveGPT – GitHub (150+ stars) – Integrates GPT responses with Brave Search results, overlaying contextual LLM output directly onto SERPs.
  • Interaction: Text
  • Deployment: Browser extension

Web control frameworks for developers

Developer-centric libraries that expose low-level APIs to automate repetitive tasks, test web applications, or scrape web content.

Web testing and UI automation frameworks

Tools designed to simulate user interactions for testing web applications across browsers and devices. Best for regression, and end-to-end testing.

• Playwright – GitHub (73k stars) – Microsoft-backed browser automation framework supporting Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit. Enables powerful automation across browsers with built-in waits, context isolation, and more.
  • Interaction: Code-based (JavaScript, Python, .NET, Java).
  • Deployment: Multi-language SDKs + CLI tools.

• Selenium – GitHub (32k stars) – A browser automation framework for cross-browser UI automation and testing that lets developers simulate real user behavior across browsers.
  • Interaction: Code-based (multi-language: Python, Java, C#, etc.).
  • Deployment: WebDriver server + language bindings.

• taiko – GitHub (3k stars) – A Node.js framework by ThoughtWorks for browser automation with readable syntax. Great for functional testing and scripting UI flows.
  • Interaction: Code-based (JavaScript).
  • Deployment: Node.js environment.

Web control and automation libraries

Developer-focused libraries that provide programmatic access to browser actions for tasks like scraping, automation, or integrating with AI systems.

• Puppeteer – GitHub (91k stars) – A Node.js library for controlling headless Chrome or Chromium. Offers a high-level API to automate screenshots and scraping.
  • Interaction: Code-based (JavaScript/TypeScript).
  • Deployment: Node.js app or script.

• Browser-Use (Also LLM-Bridge) – GitHub (63k stars) – A developer-friendly framework that converts the DOM into a structured format suitable for LLMs. Offers control interfaces for navigating and interacting with web pages programmatically.
• Interaction: Text-based (DOM-level abstraction).
• Deployment: Python library/API (self-hosted).

Benchmark sources

• Browser-Use¹
• Skyvern 2.0²
• Agent-E³
• WebVoyager⁴

External Links

• 1. https://browser-use.com/posts/sota-technical-report
• 2. https://blog.skyvern.com/skyvern-2-0-state-of-the-art-web-navigation-with-85-8-on-webvoyager-eval/
• 3. https://www.emergence.ai/blog/agent-e-sota
• 4. https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.13919